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Wen Says Structure, Not Yuan, Causes Trade Surplus

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Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said the yuan¡¯s value isn¡¯t causing the U.S. trade deficit with his country, rejecting President Barack Obama¡¯s assessment that China is keeping the currency cheap to aid exports.
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¡°The main cause of the U.S. trade deficit is not the exchange rate of the Chinese currency, but the structure of investment and savings,¡± Wen said at a meeting with U.S. business leaders including Goldman Sachs Group Inc. Chief Executive Officer Lloyd Blankfein in New York today. ¡°There¡¯s a trade imbalance between the U.S. and China, which is not something we want to see. China doesn¡¯t pursue a trade surplus intentionally.¡±
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The yuan has appreciated about 2 percent against the dollar since June 19, when the central bank said it would pursue a more flexible exchange rate after keeping the currency at about 6.83 versus the U.S. currency for almost two years. The yuan gained 0.2 percent to 6.69 per dollar today, the strongest level since the central bank unified official and market exchange rates at the end of 1993.
Áö³­ 2³âµ¿¾È ´Þ·¯´ç 6.83 ºñÀ²À» ÁöÄѿԴø Áß±¹ Á»´õ À¯¿¬ÇÑ È¯À²À» Ãß±¸ÇÏ°Ú´Ù°í ¹ßÇ¥ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á 6¿ù19ÀÏÀÌ·¡ À§¿ÏÈ­´Â 2%°¡·® »ó½ÂÇß´Ù. ¿À´Ã À§¿ÏÈ­´Â 0.2%°¡ »ó½ÂÇÏ¿© 6.69·Î °Å·¡µÊÀ¸·Î½á 1993³â¸» °ø½ÄÀûÀ¸·Î ȯÀ²À» ÅëÀÏÇÑ ÀÌÈÄ °¡Àå ³ôÀº ½Ã¼¼¸¦ ±â·ÏÇß´Ù.

The currency is ¡°valued lower than market conditions say it should be¡± and that gives China ¡°an advantage in trade,¡± Obama said Sept. 20 at a town-hall discussion on jobs and the economy in Washington. The U.S. House Ways and Means Committee said today that it will meet Sept. 24 to consider legislation to push China to raise the value of its currency.
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Widening Deficit (ºÒ¾î³ª´Â ÀûÀÚ)

The U.S.¡¯s trade deficit with China is widening at a time when Obama is confronted with an unemployment rate of 9.6 percent and the threat for his Democratic party to lose seats heading into the November elections. China ran up a $119 billion trade surplus with the U.S. in the first half of 2010, putting it on course to exceed last year¡¯s total of $227 billion, figures from the U.S. Commerce Department show.
9.6%ÀÇ °í½Ç¾÷·ü°ú 11¿ù Áß°£¼±°Å¿¡¼­ ¹ÎÁÖ´çÀÇ °íÀüÀ» ´«¾Õ¿¡ µÎ°í ÀÖ´Â °¡¿îµ¥ Áß±¹»ó´ë ¹Ì±¹ÀûÀÚ´Â Ä¿Á®¸¸°¡°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¹Ì±¹ »ó¹«ºÎ ÀÚ·á¿¡ µû¸£¸é, Áß±¹Àº 2010³â »ó¹Ý±â µ¿¾È 119ºô¸®¾ð ´Þ·¯ÀÇ ¹«¿ªÈæÀÚ¸¦ ±â·ÏÇߴµ¥ ±×°ÍÀº 2009³â ÀüüÀÇ ÈæÀÚ¿´´ø 227ºô¸®¾ð ´Þ·¯¸¦ ÃʰúÇϴµ¥ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾øÀ» °Í°°Àº Ãß¼¼¶ó°í º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

Wen is scheduled to meet Obama tomorrow at the United Nations¡¯ General Assembly in New York. Wen said he expected the meeting to improve trust. China has invited U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates to visit, he said.
¿øÃѸ®´Â ³»ÀÏ ´º¿å¿¡¼­ ¿­¸®´Â À¯¿£ÃÑȸ¿¡¼­ ¿À¹Ù¸¶¸¦ ¸¸³ª±â·Î ¿¹Á¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×´Â ³»ÀÏ ¹ÌÆÃ¿¡¼­ »óÈ£°£ÀÇ ½Å·Ú¸¦ Áõ°¡½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î ±â´ëÇÑ´Ù°í ¸»Çß´Ù. Áß±¹Àº ¹Ì±¹¹æÀå°üÀÎ ·Î¹öÆ® °ÔÀÌÃ÷¸¦ ÃÊ´ëÇß´Ù°í ¿øÃѸ®´Â ¸»Çß´Ù.

¡°I am sympathetic to the Chinese argument that the exchange rate doesn¡¯t explain all the problems of the trade imbalance, but it contributes to the problems,¡± said Mark Dow, who helps manage $3 billion at Pharo Management LLC in New York. ¡°Obama is becoming impatient. They are forced to be more vocal. Obama isn¡¯t ready to expend his political capital to buy time for China to move its currency.¡±
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Halted for Crisis  (À§±â±Øº¹À» À§ÇÑ È¯À²»ó½Â ÀúÁö)

The Chinese yuan rose 21 percent between July 2005 and July 2008, when the government halted its advance to protect exports during the global financial crisis. Traders expected the yuan to rise 2 percent from today to 6.555 per dollar in the coming 12 months, the non-deliverable forward contracts show.
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The economic imbalance China is facing is ¡°hardly avoidable in any country¡¯s development,¡± said Wen, adding that China¡¯s trade surplus as a percentage of its economy has been declining in recent years, and that both his country and the U.S. must reject trade protectionism.
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China has made increasing domestic consumption a long-term strategy, Wen said.
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Today¡¯s meeting also included PepsiCo Inc. Chief Executive Officer Indra Nooyi and two former Treasury secretaries, Henry Paulson and Robert Rubin. Former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, who helped re-establish diplomatic ties between China and the U.S. under President Richard Nixon, was the moderator.
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Differences with the U.S. are ¡°very easy to resolve,¡± when compared with ¡°the challenges that Dr. Kissinger faced in those early days,¡± Wen said.
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¡®Aggressive¡¯ Measures (Àû±ØÀû ¹æ¾Èµé)

China needs to take ¡°very aggressive¡± measures to adjust its economy, Stephen Roach, chairman of Morgan Stanley Asia, said at the meeting. The country needs to improve social security to reduce excess savings, Roach said. Increased Chinese demand would in turn help U.S. exports and jobs, he said.
¸ô°£½ºÅĸ® ¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ´ëÇ¥ ½ºÆ¼ºì ·Î~Ä¡´Â Áß±¹ÀÌ °æÁ¦¸¦ Á¶ÀýÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¸Å¿ì °ø°ÝÀûÀÎ Á¶Ä¡¸¦ ÃëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ¹ÌÆÃ¿¡¼­ ¸»Çß´Ù. ±×´Â ¶Ç Áß±¹Àº Áö³ªÄ£ ÀúÃàÀ» Áö¾çÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ »çȸº¸À忬±ÝÁ¦µµ¸¦ Çâ»ó½ÃŰ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í Áß±¹ÀÇ ³»¼öÁõ°¡´Â ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ¼öÃâ»ê¾÷¿¡ µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù¶ó°í Çß´Ù.

¡°The currency fix will not work, despite what you hear from a lot of famous economists and politicians,¡± Roach said. ¡°It didn¡¯t work for Japan in the late 1980s. It didn¡¯t work for the U.S. when the dollar fell 23 percent on a trade-weighted basis since early 2002.¡±
·Î~Ä¡´Â, "¼ö¸¹Àº À¯¸í °æÁ¦ÇÐÀÚµé°ú Á¤Ä¡ÀεéÀÌ ¶°µé°í Àִ ȯÀ²Á¶Á¤À¸·Î´Â ÇØ°áÀÌ ¾ÈµÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 80³â´ë ÈÄ¹Ý ÀϺ»µµ ÇØ°áÀ» ¸øÇß°Å´Ï¿Í 2002³â ´Þ·¯°¡ 23% ¶³¾îÁ³À» ¶§µµ ¾ÈµÆ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù"¶ó°í ´ùºÙ¿´´Ù.

China¡¯s surplus in its current account, the broadest measure of trade in goods and services, narrowed to 2.2 percent of gross domestic product in the first half from 9.9 percent in 2008, Wen said today.
Áß±¹ÀÇ °æ»ó°èÁ¤Àº 2008³â »ó¹Ý±âÀÇ GDP ´ëºñ 9.9%¿¡¼­ Áö±ÝÀÇ 2.2%·Î ÁÙ¾îµé¾ú´Ù°í ¿øÃѸ®´Â ¸»Çß´Ù.

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¿ø¹®º¸±â: http://www.bloomberg.com/news/print/2010-09-22/wen-says-investment-structure-is-main-cause-of-trade-imbalance-with-u-s-.html

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