Wen Says Structure,
Not Yuan, Causes Trade Surplus
¿øÀÚ¹Ù¿ÀÀÇ ¹Ý¹Ú -
¹«¿ªÈæÀÚÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀº ÈÆó°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ ÅõÀÚ¿Í ÀúÃ౸Á¶ÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ
¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ¹«¿ªÀûÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Áß±¹ÃøÀÇ ½ºÅ丮
¡¡
By Ye Xie
-
Bloomberg
2010.09.22
¹ø¿ª - Å丶½º¹Ú
(°æÁ¦´åÄÄ
www.GyungJe.com)
Chinese
Premier Wen Jiabao said the yuan¡¯s value isn¡¯t
causing the U.S. trade deficit with his country,
rejecting President Barack Obama¡¯s assessment
that China is keeping the currency cheap to aid
exports.
¿øÀÚ¹Ù¿À Áß±¹ ÃѸ®´Â Áß±¹ÀÌ ¼öÃâÀ»
ºÎÃß±â±â À§ÇØ À§¿Ïȸ¦ ÀúÆò°¡Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù´Â ¿À¹Ù¸¶ÀÇ ÁÖÀåÀ» ÀÏÃàÇÏ¸é¼ ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ¹«¿ªÀûÀÚÀÇ
¿øÀÎÀÌ À§¿ÏȰ¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇß´Ù.
¡°The main cause of
the U.S. trade deficit is not the exchange rate
of the Chinese currency, but the structure of
investment and savings,¡± Wen said at a meeting
with U.S. business leaders including Goldman
Sachs Group Inc. Chief Executive Officer Lloyd
Blankfein in New York today. ¡°There¡¯s a trade
imbalance between the U.S. and China, which is
not something we want to see. China doesn¡¯t
pursue a trade surplus intentionally.¡±
"¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ¹«¿ªÀûÀÚ´Â À§¿ÏȰ¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÅõÀÚ¿Í
ÀúÃàÀÇ ±¸Á¶ÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀÏ¾î³ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù"¶ó°í ¿øÃѸ®´Â ¿À´Ã ´º¿å¿¡¼ ¿¸° ¹Ì±¹
ºñÁö´Ï½º ¸®´õµéÀÇ ¸ðÀÓ¿¡¼ ¸»Çß´Ù. ±×°÷¿¡´Â °ñµå¸¸ ½Ï½ºÀÇ ´ëÇ¥ ·ÎÀÌµå ºí·©ÆÄÀεµ
ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. "¹Ì±¹°ú Áß±¹»çÀÌÀÇ ¹«¿ªÀûÀÚ´Â ¿ì¸®°¡ ¿øÇÏ´Â ¹Ùµµ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. Áß±¹Àº ÀǵµÀûÀ¸·Î
¹«¿ªÈæÀÚ¸¦ Ãß±¸ÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù"¶ó°í ¿øÃѸ®´Â ´ùºÙ¿´´Ù.
The yuan has
appreciated about 2 percent against the dollar
since June 19, when the central bank said it
would pursue a more flexible exchange rate after
keeping the currency at about 6.83 versus the
U.S. currency for almost two years. The yuan
gained 0.2 percent to 6.69 per dollar today, the
strongest level since the central bank unified
official and market exchange rates at the end of
1993.
Áö³ 2³âµ¿¾È ´Þ·¯´ç 6.83 ºñÀ²À»
ÁöÄѿԴø Áß±¹ Á»´õ À¯¿¬ÇÑ È¯À²À» Ãß±¸ÇÏ°Ú´Ù°í ¹ßÇ¥ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á 6¿ù19ÀÏÀÌ·¡ À§¿ÏÈ´Â
2%°¡·® »ó½ÂÇß´Ù. ¿À´Ã À§¿ÏÈ´Â 0.2%°¡ »ó½ÂÇÏ¿© 6.69·Î °Å·¡µÊÀ¸·Î½á
1993³â¸» °ø½ÄÀûÀ¸·Î ȯÀ²À» ÅëÀÏÇÑ ÀÌÈÄ °¡Àå ³ôÀº ½Ã¼¼¸¦ ±â·ÏÇß´Ù.
The currency is
¡°valued lower than market conditions say it
should be¡± and that gives China ¡°an advantage in
trade,¡± Obama said Sept. 20 at a town-hall
discussion on jobs and the economy in
Washington. The U.S. House Ways and Means
Committee said today that it will meet Sept. 24
to consider legislation to push China to raise
the value of its currency.
¿À¹Ù¸¶´Â ÀÌÆ²ÀüÀÎ 9¿ù20ÀÏ ¿ö½ÌÅÏ Å¸¿îȦ
¹ÌÆÃ¿¡¼ "Áß±¹ÀÇ ÈÆó´Â ½Ã¼¼º¸´Ù ÀúÆò°¡µÇ¾î ÀÖ¾î ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¿ì¼¼ÇÑ ¹«¿ª¿©°ÇÀ» ¸¸µé°í
ÀÖ´Ù"¶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù. ¹Ì±¹ ÇÏ¿ø ¼¼ÀÔ À§¿øÈ¸´Â ¿À´Â 9¿ù24ÀÏ¿¡ ¸¸³ª À§¿ÏÈÀÇ °íÆò¸¦
°í·ÁÇÏ´Â ¹ý¾ÈÀ» ±ÇÀåÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó°í Çß´Ù.
Widening Deficit (ºÒ¾î³ª´Â
ÀûÀÚ)
The U.S.¡¯s trade
deficit with China is widening at a time when
Obama is confronted with an unemployment rate of
9.6 percent and the threat for his Democratic
party to lose seats heading into the November
elections. China ran up a $119 billion trade
surplus with the U.S. in the first half of 2010,
putting it on course to exceed last year¡¯s total
of $227 billion, figures from the U.S. Commerce
Department show.
9.6%ÀÇ °í½Ç¾÷·ü°ú 11¿ù Áß°£¼±°Å¿¡¼
¹ÎÁÖ´çÀÇ °íÀüÀ» ´«¾Õ¿¡ µÎ°í ÀÖ´Â °¡¿îµ¥ Áß±¹»ó´ë ¹Ì±¹ÀûÀÚ´Â Ä¿Á®¸¸°¡°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¹Ì±¹
»ó¹«ºÎ ÀÚ·á¿¡ µû¸£¸é, Áß±¹Àº 2010³â »ó¹Ý±â µ¿¾È 119ºô¸®¾ð ´Þ·¯ÀÇ ¹«¿ªÈæÀÚ¸¦
±â·ÏÇߴµ¥ ±×°ÍÀº 2009³â ÀüüÀÇ ÈæÀÚ¿´´ø 227ºô¸®¾ð ´Þ·¯¸¦ ÃʰúÇϴµ¥ ¹®Á¦°¡ ¾øÀ»
°Í°°Àº Ãß¼¼¶ó°í º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
Wen is scheduled to
meet Obama tomorrow at the United Nations¡¯
General Assembly in New York. Wen said he
expected the meeting to improve trust. China has
invited U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates to
visit, he said.
¿øÃѸ®´Â ³»ÀÏ ´º¿å¿¡¼ ¿¸®´Â À¯¿£ÃÑȸ¿¡¼
¿À¹Ù¸¶¸¦ ¸¸³ª±â·Î ¿¹Á¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±×´Â ³»ÀÏ ¹ÌÆÃ¿¡¼ »óÈ£°£ÀÇ ½Å·Ú¸¦ Áõ°¡½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖÀ»
°ÍÀ¸·Î ±â´ëÇÑ´Ù°í ¸»Çß´Ù. Áß±¹Àº ¹Ì±¹¹æÀå°üÀÎ ·Î¹öÆ® °ÔÀÌÃ÷¸¦ ÃÊ´ëÇß´Ù°í ¿øÃѸ®´Â
¸»Çß´Ù.
¡°I am sympathetic to
the Chinese argument that the exchange rate
doesn¡¯t explain all the problems of the trade
imbalance, but it contributes to the problems,¡±
said Mark Dow, who helps manage $3 billion at
Pharo Management LLC in New York. ¡°Obama is
becoming impatient. They are forced to be more
vocal. Obama isn¡¯t ready to expend his political
capital to buy time for China to move its
currency.¡±
30¾ï´Þ·¯ÀÇ ÀÚ»êÀ» ¿î¿µÇÏ´Â
ÆÄ·ÎÀÚ»ê¿î¿ë»çÀÇ ¸¶Å© ´Ù¿ì¾¾´Â "³ª´Â ¹«¿ªºÒ±ÕÇü ¹®Á¦°¡ ȯÀ²¶§¹®¸¸Àº ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â
Áß±¹ÀÇ ÀÔÀåÀ» µ¿Á¤ÇÕ´Ï´Ù¸¶´Â ¹®Á¦ÀÇ ÀϺÎÀÎ °ÍÀº »ç½ÇÀÔ´Ï´Ù"¶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù. ¿À¹Ù¸¶°¡
±ÞÇØÁø °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. "±×µéÀº ÇÒ¼ö¾øÀÌ ±×°ÍÀ» À̽´ÈÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌÁÒ. ¿À¹Ù¸¶´Â Áö±Ý Áß±¹ÀÌ
ȯÀ²À» Á¶ÀýÇØ ÁÙ¶§±îÁö ±â´Ù¸®´Âµ¥ Á¤Ä¡ÀûÀÚ»êÀ» ³¶ºñÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â »óȲ¿¡ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù."
Halted for Crisis
(À§±â±Øº¹À» À§ÇÑ È¯À²»ó½Â ÀúÁö)
The Chinese yuan
rose 21 percent between July 2005 and July 2008,
when the government halted its advance to
protect exports during the global financial
crisis. Traders expected the yuan to rise 2
percent from today to 6.555 per dollar in the
coming 12 months, the non-deliverable forward
contracts show.
À§¿ÏÈ´Â 2005³â 7¿ùºÎÅÍ 2008³â
7¿ù Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¼¼°è ±ÝÀ¶À§±â½Ã ¼öÃâ»ê¾÷À» º¸È£Çϱâ À§ÇØ È¯À²»ó½ÂÀ» ÀúÁöÇßÀ» ¶§±îÁö
21%°¡ »ó½ÂÇß´Ù. ¼±¹°°è¾àÀ» º¸¸é Æ®·¹ÀÌ´õµéÀº ÇâÈÄ 12°³¿ùµ¿¾È À§È¯È´Â ´Þ·¯´ç
6.555 (2%) Á¤µµ ¿À¸¦ °ÍÀ¸·Î ³»´Ùº¸°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë¼öÀÖ´Ù.
The economic
imbalance China is facing is ¡°hardly avoidable
in any country¡¯s development,¡± said Wen, adding
that China¡¯s trade surplus as a percentage of
its economy has been declining in recent years,
and that both his country and the U.S. must
reject trade protectionism.
Áß±¹ÀÌ °Þ°íÀÖ´Â ¹«¿ªºÒ±ÕÇüÀº "ÇÇÇϱâ
¾î·Á¿î °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù"¶ó°í ¿øÃѸ®´Â ¸»Çß´Ù. ±×´Â Áß±¹ÀÇ °æÁ¦±Ô¸ð ´ëºñ ¹«¿ªÈæÀÚÀÇ ºñÀ²Àº
±Ù·¡¿¡ Á¢¾îµé¾î °¨¼ÒÇϰí ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ¾ç±¹Àº ¸ðµÎ ¹«¿ªº¸È£ÁÖÀǸ¦ °ÅºÎÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í Çß´Ù.
China has made
increasing domestic consumption a long-term
strategy, Wen said.
±×´Â "Áß±¹Àº ³»¼ö¸¦ Áõ°¡½ÃŰ·Á´Â
Àå±âÀû·«À» ¼¼¿ü½À´Ï´Ù"¶ó°í ¸»Çß´Ù.
Today¡¯s meeting also
included PepsiCo Inc. Chief Executive Officer
Indra Nooyi and two former Treasury secretaries,
Henry Paulson and Robert Rubin. Former Secretary
of State Henry Kissinger, who helped
re-establish diplomatic ties between China and
the U.S. under President Richard Nixon, was the
moderator.
¿À´Ã ¹ÌÆÃ¿¡´Â Æé½ÃÀÇ ´ëÇ¥ Àεå¶ó ´©ÀÌ,
Àü À繫Àå°ü µÎ»ç¶÷ Ç Æú½¼, ·Î¹öÆ® ·çºó, ±×¸®°í ÁøÇàÀÚ¸¦ ¸ÃÀº Ç Ű½ÅÀúµµ
Âü¼®Çß´Ù. Ű½ÅÀú´Â ´Ð½¼ Á¤ºÎ¶§ Áß±¹°ú ¹Ì±¹ÀÌ ´Ù½Ã±Ý ¿Ü±³°ü°è¸¦ ¸Î´Âµ¥ °øÇåÀ» Çß´ø
Àι°ÀÌ´Ù.
Differences with the
U.S. are ¡°very easy to resolve,¡± when compared
with ¡°the challenges that Dr. Kissinger faced in
those early days,¡± Wen said.
"Ű½ÅÀú ¹Ú»ç½ÃÀýÀÇ Á߹̰ü°è¿Í ºñ±³ÇØ º¸¸é
Áö±Ý ¹Ì±¹°úÀÇ ÀǰßÂ÷ÀÌ´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ½¬¿î °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù"¶ó°í ¿øÃѸ®´Â ¸»Çß´Ù.
¡®Aggressive¡¯
Measures (Àû±ØÀû ¹æ¾Èµé)
China needs to take
¡°very aggressive¡± measures to adjust its
economy, Stephen Roach, chairman of Morgan
Stanley Asia, said at the meeting. The country
needs to improve social security to reduce
excess savings, Roach said. Increased Chinese
demand would in turn help U.S. exports and jobs,
he said.
¸ô°£½ºÅĸ® ¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ´ëÇ¥ ½ºÆ¼ºì ·Î~Ä¡´Â
Áß±¹ÀÌ °æÁ¦¸¦ Á¶ÀýÇϱâ À§ÇØ ¸Å¿ì °ø°ÝÀûÀÎ Á¶Ä¡¸¦ ÃëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ¹ÌÆÃ¿¡¼ ¸»Çß´Ù. ±×´Â
¶Ç Áß±¹Àº Áö³ªÄ£ ÀúÃàÀ» Áö¾çÇϱâ À§Çؼ »çȸº¸À忬±ÝÁ¦µµ¸¦ Çâ»ó½ÃŰ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í
Áß±¹ÀÇ ³»¼öÁõ°¡´Â ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ¼öÃâ»ê¾÷¿¡ µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù¶ó°í Çß´Ù.
¡°The currency fix
will not work, despite what you hear from a lot
of famous economists and politicians,¡± Roach
said. ¡°It didn¡¯t work for Japan in the late
1980s. It didn¡¯t work for the U.S. when the
dollar fell 23 percent on a trade-weighted basis
since early 2002.¡±
·Î~Ä¡´Â, "¼ö¸¹Àº À¯¸í °æÁ¦ÇÐÀÚµé°ú
Á¤Ä¡ÀεéÀÌ ¶°µé°í Àִ ȯÀ²Á¶Á¤À¸·Î´Â ÇØ°áÀÌ ¾ÈµÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 80³â´ë ÈÄ¹Ý ÀϺ»µµ
ÇØ°áÀ» ¸øÇß°Å´Ï¿Í 2002³â ´Þ·¯°¡ 23% ¶³¾îÁ³À» ¶§µµ ¾ÈµÆ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù"¶ó°í ´ùºÙ¿´´Ù.
China¡¯s surplus in
its current account, the broadest measure of
trade in goods and services, narrowed to 2.2
percent of gross domestic product in the first
half from 9.9 percent in 2008, Wen said today.
Áß±¹ÀÇ °æ»ó°èÁ¤Àº 2008³â »ó¹Ý±âÀÇ
GDP ´ëºñ 9.9%¿¡¼ Áö±ÝÀÇ 2.2%·Î ÁÙ¾îµé¾ú´Ù°í ¿øÃѸ®´Â ¸»Çß´Ù.
¡¡
¿ø¹®º¸±â:
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/print/2010-09-22/wen-says-investment-structure-is-main-cause-of-trade-imbalance-with-u-s-.html
¡¡

¡¡