(Pimco Funds - William Gross)
Our New Normal, to repeat ad
nauseam, is predicated upon
deleveraging, reregulation and
deglobalization, all of which
promote slower economic growth
and lower inflation in developed
economies while substantially
bypassing emerging market
countries that have more
favorable initial conditions.
Áö°Ü¿ì¸®¸¸Ä¡ ¹Ýº¹ÇØ ¿Â ¹Ù, ¿ì¸®ÀÇ '»õ Ç¥ÁØ' (New
Normal)Àº ºÎä»è°¨ (deleveraging),
Àç±ÔÁ¦, ±×¸®°í ºñ¼¼°èȸ¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î ³ª¿Â ¸»ÀÌ´Ù. ±× ¸ðµç
¿ä¼Ò´Â ¼±Áø±¹µé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý Àú¼ºÀå, Àú¹°°¡¸¦ ºÎÃàÀÌ´Â
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ý¸é¿¡ °æÁ¦ ¿©°ÇÀÌ ºñ±³Àû °ÇÀçÇÑ À̸Ó¡ ¸¶ÄϵéÀº
±×·¯ÇÑ ¿ä¼Ò¿¡¼ ´ëºÎºÐ Á¦¿Ü¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
In
recent months, Mohamed El-Erian
has added a developing corollary
that emphasizes the lack of an
appropriate policy response to
what is a structural as opposed
to a cyclical development, and
you should read his frequently
published op-eds for a more
thorough analysis as well as
those written by Jeffrey Sachs
and others who are
constructively suggesting a way
back to the old normal.
ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ ¸ðÇÏ¸Þµå ¿¤-¿¡·ò¾ÈÀº ¼øÈ¯Àû ¹æ¾È¿¡¼ ¹þ¾î³ª
±¸Á¶ÀûÀÎ Á¤Ã¥ÀÌ ºÎÁ·ÇÑ Çö ½ÇÁ¤À» ¤¾î°¡´Â Ãß·ÐÀ»
Á¤¸³Çß´Ù. ±×ÀÇ Ä®·³À» º¸¸é ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ ºÐ¼®ÀÌ µé¾î Àִµ¥
'±¸ Ç¥ÁØ' (Old Normal) À¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â
¹æ¹ý·ÐÀ» °Ç¼³ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¦½ÃÇÑ Á¦ÇÁ·ò ½Ï½º¿Í µ¿·á °æÁ¦
Àü¹®ÀÎÀÇ ±Ûµµ ´ã°ÜÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.
That
return journey will be all the
more difficult to accomplish,
however, because of
demographics, an influence that
much like gravity is hard to see
but whose effect is all too
powerful.
±×·±µ¥ ¼¼°èÀÇ Àα¸ºÐÆ÷°¡ ±¸ Ç¥ÁØÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡´Âµ¥ °É¸²µ¹ÀÌ
µÉ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀδÙ. ¸¶Ä¡ ´«¿¡ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â ¸¸À¯ÀηÂÀÇ
¿µÇâó·³ Àα¸¶ó´Â °ÍÀº ºÐ¼®ÀÌ ¾î·Æ°í ¿µÇâ·ÂÀÌ ¾öû³ª´Ù.
Demographics – or in this case
population growth – is so long
term in its influence that
economists and observers are
inclined to explain the
functioning of economic society
without ever factoring in the
essential part that it plays in
growth. Production depends upon
people, not only in the actual
process, but because of the
final demand that justifies its
existence. The more and more
consumers, the more and more
need for things to be produced.
I will go so far as to
say that not only growth but
capitalism itself may be in part
dependent on a growing
population.
Àα¸ - ¶Ç´Â ÀÌ
°æ¿ì¿¡¼´Â Àα¸ Áõ°¡ - ÀÇ ¿µÇâÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀº ³Ê¹«³ª
Àå±âÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÌ¶ó °æÁ¦»çȸÀÇ ¿ªµ¿°ú ¼ºÀåÀ» ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â µ¥
Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃŰÁö ¾ÊÀ¸·Á´Â ¼ºÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. »ý»êÀº »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ´Þ·ÁÀÖ´Ù
- ½ÇÁ¦ °úÁ¤¸¸ÀÌ Áß¿äÇÑ°Ô ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Àα¸´Â »óǰÀÇ Á¸À縦
ÇÕ¸®È ½ÃŰ´Â ÃÖÁ¾ ¼ö¿äÀÇ ÀÌÀ¯ÀÌ´Ù. ¼ÒºñÀÚµéÀÇ ¼ö°¡
Áõ°¡ÇÒ ¼ö·Ï »ý»êµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÒ ¹°°ÇµéÀÌ ¸¹¾ÆÁø´Ù. °¨È÷
¸»Çϰǵ¥, Àα¸´Â ¼ºÀå»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ ±× ÀÚüÀÇ Á¸Àç
¿©ºÎ¸¦ Á¿ìÇÑ´Ù.
Our
modern era of capitalism over
the past several centuries has
never known a period of time in
which population declined or
grew less than 1% a year.
Currently, the globe is adding
over 77 million people a year at
a pace of 1.15% annually, but
slowing. Still, that¡¯s 77
million more mouths to feed, 77
million more pairs of shoes to
make, 77 million more little
economic units of demand –
houses, furniture, cars, roads,
oil – more, more, more.
Capitalism, I would assert,
thrives on more, more, and more,
but not so well when there is
less or an expectation
of less.
Áö³ ¼ö¹é³âµ¿¾ÈÀÇ ±Ù´ë ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ´Â Àα¸°¡
Áٰųª 1% ¹Ì¸¸ÀÇ ¹Ì¼¼ÇÑ Áõ°¡À²À» ¸ñ°ÝÇÑ ÀûÀÌ ¾ø´Ù.
ÇöÀç ÀÌ Áö±¸´Â ¿¬°£ 7õ7¹é¸¸ (1.15%)ÀÇ Àα¸¸¦
Áõ°¡½Ã۰í ÀÖÀ¸³ª ±× Áõ°¡À²ÀÌ ÁÙ¾îµé°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¡µµ ±×
7õ7¹é¸¸ÀÇ Àα¸Áõ°¡´Â ±× ¸¸Å ´õ ¸Ô¾î¾ß ÇÏ°í ´õ ½Å¾î¾ß
Çϰí ÁÖÅÃ, °¡±¸, ÀÚµ¿Â÷, ±æ, ¿ÀÀϰú °°Àº, ³ª¸§µ¥·Î
ÀÛÀ¸³ª¸¶ ÀüüÀûÀ¸·Î´Â °æÁ¦Àû ¼ö¿ä¸¦ È®Ãæ½Ã۰í ÀÖ´Ù.
´Ü¾ðÇÏ´Â ¹Ù, ÀÚº»ÁÖÀǶó´Â µ¿¹°Àº ¸¹°í ¸¹Àº °Í¿¡¼ ÈïÇÏ´Â
°ÍÀÌÁö ÀÛ°í Âɱ׶ó µå´Â ±â´ë¿¡¼´Â ¼ºÀåÇϱâ Èûµç °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
This is not the
Malthusian thesis, which
maintained that at some point
the world would run out of food
to satisfy a growing population;
it is an assertion that
capitalism depends upon final
demand and that if there ever
comes a time when population
growth slows, then the world¡¯s
most efficient economic system
will be tested. If
anything, my thesis is
anti-Malthusian in its assertion
that there will always be enough
production to
satisfy a growing population, but perhaps
not enough new people
to sustain growing production.
¾ðÁ¨°¡ ´Ã¾î³ª´Â Àα¸¸¦ ¸ÔÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ½Ä·®ÀÌ °í°¥µÇ´Â ³¯ÀÌ
¿Ã °ÍÀ̶ó°í Çß´ø ¸»¼½ºÀÇ ³íÁ¦¸¦ °¡¸®Å°´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó
ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ´Â ÃÖÁ¾ ¼ö¿ë¿¡ »çȰÀÌ °É·Á ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ°í ¾ðÁ¨°¡
Àα¸Áõ°¡À²ÀÌ Ãà¼ÒµÇ´Â ½Ã´ë°¡ ¿Â´Ù¸é Çö¼¼±îÁö °¡Àå
È¿À²ÀûÀ̾ú´Ù°í ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ ±¸Á¶°¡ ½ÃÇèÀ» ¹Þ°Ô
µÈ´Ù´Â ÁÖÀåÀÎ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ³» ³íÁ¦°¡ ¹Ý-¸»¼½º ÁÖÀǶó°í
ĪÇÑ´ÙÄ¡¸é ±×°ÍÀº Àα¸°¡ ¾Æ¹«¸® ´Ã¾î³´Ù ÇØµµ ¼¼»óÀº
ÃæºÐÇÑ »ý»êÀ» ÇØ ³¾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ¹Ï°í Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
¿ÀÈ÷·Á Áõ°¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »ý»ê¿ë·®À» ¸ðµÎ ÃæÁ·½ÃÄÑÁÙ Àα¸°¡
¸ðÀÚ¶õ´Ù´Â ¸»ÀÌ ´õ ¸ÂÀ»Áö ¸ð¸¥´Ù.
Observers
will point out, as shown in the
following chart, that global
population growth rates have
been declining since 1970 with
no apparent ill effects. True,
until 2008, I suppose. The fact
is that since the 1970s we have
never really experienced a
secular period during which the
private market could effectively
run on its own engine without
artificial asset price
stimulation.
Â÷Æ®¿¡¼µµ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖµíÀÌ, °üÃøÀÚµéÀº ¼¼°è Àα¸ Áõ°¡À²ÀÌ
Áö³ 1970³â ºÎÅÍ º°´Ù¸¥ ¹®Á¦ÀÇ ¼ö¹Ý¾øÀÌ ÁÙ¾îµé°í
¿Ô´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. ³» ÁüÀÛÀ¸·Î 2008³â±îÁö´Â ±×·¨À» °Í
°°´Ù. Áö³ 1970³â´ë ºÎÅÍ ¿ì¸®´Â Çѹøµµ ÇÁ¶óÀ̺ø
¸¶ÄÏÀÌ ÀΰøÀûÀÎ Àڻ갡°Ý ºÎ¾ç ¸ÞÄ¿´ÏÁòÀ» ¾²Áö ¾ÊÀº
»óȲ¿¡¼ ÀÚüÀûÀ¸·Î ±×¸®°í Àå±â°£ ¿£ÁøÀ» È¿À²ÀûÀ¸·Î °¡µ¿ÇÒ
¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´ø ¶§¸¦ º» ÀûÀÌ ¾ø´Ù.
The
lack of population growth was
likely a significant factor in
the leveraging of the developed
world¡¯s financial systems and
the ballooning of total
government and private debt as a
percentage of GDP from 150% to
over 300% in the United States,
for example. Lacking an
accelerating population base,
all developed
countries promoted the financing
of more and more consumption per
capita in order to maintain
existing GDP growth rates.
Finally, in the U.S., with
consumption at 70% of GDP and a
household sector deeply in debt,
there was nowhere to go but
down. Similar conditions exist
in most developed economies.
Àα¸ÀÇ Áõ°¡°¡ ÃæºÐÄ¡ ¸øÇß´ø °ÍÀÌ ¼±Áø±¹µéÀÌ ºúÀ» ³»¾ßÇß´ø
°ÍÀÌ°í ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ Á¤ºÎ¿Í ÇÁ¶óÀ̺ø ºÎä ºñÀ²ÀÌ GDP ´ëºñ
150% ¿¡¼ 300%¸¦ ³Ñ°Ü¾ß Çß´ø ÁÖ¿äÀÎÀÌ µÇ¾úÀ»
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. Àα¸Áõ°¡À²ÀÌ ¾àÇ߱⠶§¹®¿¡ ¸ðµç ¼±Áø±¹°¡µéÀÌ
ÀûÁ¤¼±ÀÇ GDP ´ëºñ ¼Òºñ ºñÀ²À» À¯ÁöÇϱâ À§Çؼ¶óµµ
°ú¼Òºñ¿¡ ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÏ´Â ÀçÁ¤À» ºô·Á¾ß Çß´ø °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
°á·ÐÀûÀ¸·Î, ¼Òºñ°¡ ±¹³» ÃÑ»ý»êÀÇ 70%¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇÏ´Â ¹Ì±¹ÀÇ
°æ¿ì, ¼ÒºñÀÚµéÀÌ ÀÌ¹Ì ºú´õ¹Ì¿¡ ºüÁ® ÀÖ´Â »óȲ¿¡¼ °æÁ¦´Â
ÇÏÇâ±æ·Î °¥ ¼ö ¹Û¿¡ ¾ø´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ¼±Áø±¹µéµµ
¸¶Âù°¡Áö´Ù.
The danger today, as
opposed to prior deleveraging
cycles, is that the deleveraging
is being attempted into the
headwinds of a structural
demographic downwave as opposed
to a decade of substantial
population growth.
Japan is the modern-day example
of what deleveraging in the face
of a slowing and now negatively
growing population can do. Prior
deleveraging periods such as
what the U.S. and European
economies experienced in the
1930s exhibited a similar
demographic with the lowest
levels of fertility in the 20th
century and extremely low
population growth. Things did
not go well then. Today¡¯s
developed economies almost
assuredly offer substantially
less population growth than the
1.5% rate experienced over the
prior 50 years. Even when viewed
from a total global economy
perspective, population growth
over the next 10–20 years will
barely exceed 1%.
¿¹ÀüÀÇ µð·¹¹ö¸®Â¡ ½ÎÀÌŬ¶§ º¸´Ù ¿äÁòÀÌ ´õ ¹®Á¦°¡ µÇ´Â
ÀÌÀ¯´Â, ¿¹Àü¿£ Àα¸ Áõ°¡°¡ ¿Õ¼ºÇßÀ» ¶§¿´Áö¸¸ À̹øÀÇ
µð·¹¹ö¸®Áö°¡ Àα¸°¡ ±¸Á¶ÀûÀ¸·Î ÁÙ¾îµé°í ÀÖ´Â »óȲÀ̱â
¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ÀϺ»ÀÌ ±× ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ ¿¹´Ù. Áö³ 90³â´ë ÀϺ»ÀÇ
µð·¹¹ö¸®Áö´Â Àα¸ÀÇ Áõ°¡À²ÀÌ µÐȵǴ ½Ã±â¿´¾ú°í Áö±ÝÀº
Àα¸°¡ ¾Æ¿¹ ÁÙ¾îµé°í ÀÖ´Ù. ´ë°øÈ² ¶§ ÀÖ¾ú´ø ¹Ì±¹°ú À¯·´
°æÁ¦ÀÇ µð·¹¹ö¸®Áöµµ ºñ½ÁÇÑ Àα¸ µ¿Çâ¿¡ ³õ¿© ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×¶§
¼±Áø±¹µéÀº 20¼¼±â¿¡¼ °¡Àå ³·Àº ÀÓ»êÀ²°ú ±ØÈ÷ ³·Àº Àα¸
Áõ°¡À² ½ÎÀÌŬ¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±× ´ç½Ã »óȲÀº ÁÁÁö ¸øÇß´Ù.
±Ù·¡ÀÇ ¼±Áø±¹µéÀº Áö³ 50³â°£ÀÇ Æò±Õ Àα¸ Áß°¡À²ÀÎ
1.5%¸¦ ÈξÀ ¹Øµ¹°í ÀÖ´Ù. Áö±¸ÃÌ Àüü·Î º»´Ù ÇØµµ
ÇâÈÄ 10³â¿¡¼ 20³â »çÀÌÀÇ Áõ°¡À²Àº 1%¸¦ °¡±î½º·Î
³Ñ¾î¼³ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
The
preceding analysis does not even
begin to discuss the aging of this
slower-growing population base
itself. Japan, Germany, Italy
and of course the United States,
with its boomers moving toward
their 60s, are getting older
year after year. Even China with
their previous one baby policy
faces a similar demographic.
À§ÀÇ ºÐ¼®Àº Àα¸ÀÇ °í·ÉÈ ¹®Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼´Â ¾Æ¿¹ ¾ð±Þµµ
ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀϺ», µ¶ÀÏ, ÀÌŸ®, ±×¸®°í ¹°·Ð
¹Ì±¹ÀÇ º£ÀÌ¹Ì ºÎ¸ÓµéÀÌ 60´ë·Î Á¢¾îµé¾î ÇØ¸¶´Ù ³ªÀÌ µé¾î
°¡°í ÀÖ´Ù. Çϳª¸¸ ³º±â Á¤Ã¥À» ÆîÃÆ´ø Áß±¹µµ ºñ½ÁÇÑ Àα¸
¹®Á¦¸¦ °Þ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
And
while older people spend a
larger percentage
of their income – that is, they
save less and eventually dissave
– the fact is that they spend
far fewer dollars per capita
than their younger counterparts.
No new homes, fewer vacations,
less emphasis on conspicuous
consumption and no new cars
every few years. Healthcare is
their primary concern. These
aging trends present a one-two
negative punch to our New Normal
thesis over the next 5–10 years:
fewer new consumers in terms of
total population, and a growing
number of older ones who don¡¯t
spend as much money. The
combined effect will slow
economic growth more than
otherwise.
°í·ÉÀÚµéÀº ¼Òµæ¿¡ ºñÇØ ¼ÒºñÀ²ÀÌ Å« °ÍÀº »ç½ÇÀÌÁö¸¸
ÀþÀºÃþ¿¡ ºñÇØ °³ÀÎÀû Àý´ë ¼Òºñ¾×ÀÌ ¸Å¿ì Àû´Ù. »õ Áýµµ
¾È»ç°í, ÈÞ°¡µµ ´ú °¡¸ç ´«¿¡ ¶ì´Â ¼Òºñ¿¡ Å« °ü½ÉÀÌ ¾ø°í
¼ö³â¸¶´Ù Â÷¸¦ ¹Ù²ÙÁöµµ ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÀÇ·áºñ¸¸ÀÌ ±×µéÀÇ °¡Àå Å«
°ü½É»ç´Ù. À̿Ͱ°Àº °í·ÉÈ Ãß¼¼´Â ÇâÈÄ 5-10³â°£ÀÇ '»õ
Ç¥ÁØ' À̷п¡ ¿øÅõÆÝÄ¡¸¦ ³¯¸®´Â °Í°ú °°´Ù. »õ·Î »ý±â´Â
¼ÒºñÀÚµéÀÇ ¼ö°¡ ÁÙ¾îµå´Â ´ë½Å µ·À» Àû°Ô ¾²´Â °í·ÉÀÚµéÀº
´Ã¾î³ª´Â °ÍÀÌ Çö ½ÇÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. µÎ °¡Áö ¿ä¼Ò¸¦ ÇÕÇÑ °á°ú´Â
Á¤»óÀûÀÎ °æÁ¦ µÐȺ¸´Ù ´õ Å« ħü Çö»óÀ» °¡Á®´Ù ÁÖ°Ô
µÈ´Ù.
PIMCO¡¯s continuing New
Normal thesis of deleveraging,
reregulation and deglobalization
produces structural headwinds
that lead to lower economic
growth as well as half-sized
asset returns when compared to
historical averages. The New
Normal will not be aided nor
abetted by a slower-growing
population nor by cyclical
policy errors that thrust
Keynesian consumption remedies
on a declining consumer base.
ÇËÄÚ ÆÝµå´Â µð·¹¸®Áö, Àç±ÔÁ¦, ºñ¼¼°èȰ¡ ºú¾î³»´Â °æÁ¦
¼ºÀåÀ² µÐÈ È¯°æ ¼ÓÀÇ '»õ Ç¥ÁØ' ¼ºÇâÀÇ Á¸¼ÓÀ» Àü¸ÁÇÔ°ú
µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÇâÈÄ ÅõÀÚ ¼öÀÍ ±â´ëÄ¡°¡ ¿ª»çÀû Æò±ÕÄ¡¿¡ ºñÇØ Àý¹Ý
Á¤µµ·Î ¶³¾î Áú °ÍÀ» ±â´ëÇÑ´Ù. Àα¸ Áõ°¡ÀÇ µÐÈ¿Í
¾ã¾ÆÁö°í ÀÖ´Â ¼ÒºñÀÚ ÃþÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ÆîÃÄÁö°í ÀÖ´Â ÄÉÀÎÁö¾È
Á¤Ã¥µéÀÇ ºø³ª°¨µîÀº ¿ì¸®°¡ ¸»ÇÏ´Â '»õ Ç¥ÁØ'¿¡ µµ¿òÀ»
ÁÖÁö ¸ø ÇÒ °Í °°´Ù.
Current deficit spending that
seeks to maintain an
artificially high percentage of
consumer spending can be
compared to flushing money down
an economic toilet. Far better
to create and mimic other
government industrial policies
aimed at infrastructure, clean
energy, more relevant education
and less costly healthcare
services. Until we do,
policymakers will continue to
wave their hands in front of the
electronic eye – waiting for the
flush, waiting for the flush,
waiting for the flush, with very
little success.
Try
another way, Washington. El-Erian,
Sachs and other 21st
century policy thinkers have a
better way to push the handle.
Áö±Ý ¼Òºñ¸¦ ºÎÃß±â±â À§ÇØ ÀûÀÚ ÁöÃâÀ» Çϰí ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº
µ·À» (°æÁ¦) º¯±â¿¡ ³Ö°í ¹°À» ³»¸®´Â °Í¿¡ ºñÀ¯ÇÒ ¼ö
ÀÖ´Ù. Â÷¶ó¸® ´Ù¸¥ ³ª¶óµéÀÌ Àû¿ëÇϰí ÀÖ´Â »ê¾÷Á¤Ã¥À»
Èä³» ³»°Å³ª ³»´Â °ÍÀÌ ÈξÀ ³ªÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±â°£»ê¾÷, Ŭ¸°
¿¡³ÊÁö, Çâ»óµÈ ±³À°, ±×¸®°í Àúºñ¿ëÀÇ ÀÇ·á ¼ºñ½ºµîÀÌ
Á¤Ã¥È µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯±â Àü¿¡´Â Á¤Ä¡°¡µéÀº ÀÚµ¿ º¯±â°¡
¹°À» ³»¸± ¶§±îÁö º¯±â ¾Õ¿¡ ´ë°í ¼ÕÀ» Èçµé¾î ´ë°í¸¸ ÀÖ´Â
°Í°ú ´Ù¸§ÀÌ ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¿ö½ÌÅÏÀº ÀÌÁ¦ ´Ù¸¥ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ½á¾ß ÇÒ ¶§´Ù. ¿¤-¿¡·ò¾È,
½Ï½º, ±×¸®°í ´Ù¸¥ 21¼¼±âÇüÀÇ Á¤Ã¥ ¿¬±¸°¡µéÀÌ °¡Áö°í
Àִ ȸº¹ÀÇ Á¤Ã¥µéÀ» ¸»ÀÌ´Ù.
¡¡
William H. Gross
Pimco Funds (www.pimco.com)
Managing Director